Tutorial Loop Through Array Without Wasteful Lookups

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Find the length of the array before using it in the for function, so it doesn't need to count the length of the array each iteration (assuming the length won't be changing mid-loop).

var arLen=myArray.length;

for ( var i=0, len=arLen; i<len; i++ ){
  // do something with myArray[i]
}

Tutorial Lighten / Darken Color

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The CSS preprocessors Sass and LESS can take any color and darken() or lighten() it by a specific value. But no such ability is built into JavaScript. This function takes colors in hex format (i.e. #F06D06, with or without hash) and lightens or darkens them with a value.

function LightenDarkenColor(col, amt) {
  
    var usePound = false;
  
    if (col[0] == "#") {
        col = col.slice(1);
        usePound = true;
    }
 
    var num = parseInt(col,16);
 
    var r = (num >> 16) + amt;
 
    if (r > 255) r = 255;
    else if  (r < 0) r = 0;
 
    var b = ((num >> 8) & 0x00FF) + amt;
 
    if (b > 255) b = 255;
    else if  (b < 0) b = 0;
 
    var g = (num & 0x0000FF) + amt;
 
    if (g > 255) g = 255;
    else if (g < 0) g = 0;
 
    return (usePound?"#":"") + (g | (b << 8) | (r << 16)).toString(16);
  
}

Usage

// Lighten
var NewColor = LightenDarkenColor("#F06D06", 20); 

// Darken
var NewColor = LightenDarkenColor("#F06D06", -20); 

Demo

Reference URL

Tutorial Lazy Loading Images

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Use a blank.gif as the src of images, and include the width and height of the final image.

<img src="blank.gif" class="lazy" data-src="http://cdn.css-tricks.com/images/full-size.jpg" width="240" height="152">
/* lazyload.js (c) Lorenzo Giuliani
 * MIT License (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.html)
 *
 * expects a list of:  
 * `<img src="blank.gif" data-src="my_image.png" width="600" height="400" class="lazy">`
 */

!function(window){
  var $q = function(q, res){
        if (document.querySelectorAll) {
          res = document.querySelectorAll(q);
        } else {
          var d=document
            , a=d.styleSheets[0] || d.createStyleSheet();
          a.addRule(q,'f:b');
          for(var l=d.all,b=0,c=[],f=l.length;b<f;b++)
            l[b].currentStyle.f && c.push(l[b]);

          a.removeRule(0);
          res = c;
        }
        return res;
      }
    , addEventListener = function(evt, fn){
        window.addEventListener
          ? this.addEventListener(evt, fn, false)
          : (window.attachEvent)
            ? this.attachEvent('on' + evt, fn)
            : this['on' + evt] = fn;
      }
    , _has = function(obj, key) {
        return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key);
      }
    ;

  function loadImage (el, fn) {
    var img = new Image()
      , src = el.getAttribute('data-src');
    img.onload = function() {
      if (!! el.parent)
        el.parent.replaceChild(img, el)
      else
        el.src = src;

      fn? fn() : null;
    }
    img.src = src;
  }

  function elementInViewport(el) {
    var rect = el.getBoundingClientRect()

    return (
       rect.top    >= 0
    && rect.left   >= 0
    && rect.top <= (window.innerHeight || document.documentElement.clientHeight)
    )
  }

    var images = new Array()
      , query = $q('img.lazy')
      , processScroll = function(){
          for (var i = 0; i < images.length; i++) {
            if (elementInViewport(images[i])) {
              loadImage(images[i], function () {
                images.splice(i, i);
              });
            }
          };
        }
      ;
    // Array.prototype.slice.call is not callable under our lovely IE8 
    for (var i = 0; i < query.length; i++) {
      images.push(query[i]);
    };

    processScroll();
    addEventListener('scroll',processScroll);

}(this);​

Reference URL

Tutorial keyCodes

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As in, what keyboard events report based on what keys are pressed.

$("#textinput").keydown(function(e) {
    e.keyCode; // this value
});
Key Code
backspace 8
tab 9
enter 13
shift 16
ctrl 17
alt 18
pause/break 19
caps lock 20
escape 27
page up 33
page down 34
end 35
home 36
left arrow 37
up arrow 38
right arrow 39
down arrow 40
insert 45
delete 46
0 48
1 49
2 50
3 51
4 52
5 53
6 54
7 55
8 56
9 57
a 65
b 66
c 67
d 68
 
Key Code
e 69
f 70
g 71
h 72
i 73
j 74
k 75
l 76
m 77
n 78
o 79
p 80
q 81
r 82
s 83
t 84
u 85
v 86
w 87
x 88
y 89
z 90
left window key 91
right window key 92
select key 93
numpad 0 96
numpad 1 97
numpad 2 98
numpad 3 99
numpad 4 100
numpad 5 101
numpad 6 102
numpad 7 103
 
Key Code
numpad 8 104
numpad 9 105
multiply 106
add 107
subtract 109
decimal point 110
divide 111
f1 112
f2 113
f3 114
f4 115
f5 116
f6 117
f7 118
f8 119
f9 120
f10 121
f11 122
f12 123
num lock 144
scroll lock 145
semi-colon 186
equal sign 187
comma 188
dash 189
period 190
forward slash 191
grave accent 192
open bracket 219
back slash 220
close braket 221
single quote 222

Reference URL

Tutorial JavaScript Required Content with Fallback Content

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JavaScript-required area is hidden with inline CSS, and then shown after it loads with a small snippet of JavaScript. Below that, noscript tags are used for fallback content. So only one or the other of these bits of content will be required depending on if JavaScript is enabled or not.

<!-- JavaScript-Required Content -->
<div id="photoslider" style="display:none">Javascript photoslider</div>
<script>document.getElementById('photoslider').style.display='';</script>
<!-- END JavaScript-Required Content -->

<!-- Fallback Content -->
<noscript><div id="photo">Alternative static photo as content when javascript is turned off</div></noscript>
<!-- END Fallback Content -->

Tutorial JavaScript MD5

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var MD5 = function (string) {

   function RotateLeft(lValue, iShiftBits) {
           return (lValue<<iShiftBits) | (lValue>>>(32-iShiftBits));
   }

   function AddUnsigned(lX,lY) {
           var lX4,lY4,lX8,lY8,lResult;
           lX8 = (lX & 0x80000000);
           lY8 = (lY & 0x80000000);
           lX4 = (lX & 0x40000000);
           lY4 = (lY & 0x40000000);
           lResult = (lX & 0x3FFFFFFF)+(lY & 0x3FFFFFFF);
           if (lX4 & lY4) {
                   return (lResult ^ 0x80000000 ^ lX8 ^ lY8);
           }
           if (lX4 | lY4) {
                   if (lResult & 0x40000000) {
                           return (lResult ^ 0xC0000000 ^ lX8 ^ lY8);
                   } else {
                           return (lResult ^ 0x40000000 ^ lX8 ^ lY8);
                   }
           } else {
                   return (lResult ^ lX8 ^ lY8);
           }
   }

   function F(x,y,z) { return (x & y) | ((~x) & z); }
   function G(x,y,z) { return (x & z) | (y & (~z)); }
   function H(x,y,z) { return (x ^ y ^ z); }
   function I(x,y,z) { return (y ^ (x | (~z))); }

   function FF(a,b,c,d,x,s,ac) {
           a = AddUnsigned(a, AddUnsigned(AddUnsigned(F(b, c, d), x), ac));
           return AddUnsigned(RotateLeft(a, s), b);
   };

   function GG(a,b,c,d,x,s,ac) {
           a = AddUnsigned(a, AddUnsigned(AddUnsigned(G(b, c, d), x), ac));
           return AddUnsigned(RotateLeft(a, s), b);
   };

   function HH(a,b,c,d,x,s,ac) {
           a = AddUnsigned(a, AddUnsigned(AddUnsigned(H(b, c, d), x), ac));
           return AddUnsigned(RotateLeft(a, s), b);
   };

   function II(a,b,c,d,x,s,ac) {
           a = AddUnsigned(a, AddUnsigned(AddUnsigned(I(b, c, d), x), ac));
           return AddUnsigned(RotateLeft(a, s), b);
   };

   function ConvertToWordArray(string) {
           var lWordCount;
           var lMessageLength = string.length;
           var lNumberOfWords_temp1=lMessageLength + 8;
           var lNumberOfWords_temp2=(lNumberOfWords_temp1-(lNumberOfWords_temp1 % 64))/64;
           var lNumberOfWords = (lNumberOfWords_temp2+1)*16;
           var lWordArray=Array(lNumberOfWords-1);
           var lBytePosition = 0;
           var lByteCount = 0;
           while ( lByteCount < lMessageLength ) {
                   lWordCount = (lByteCount-(lByteCount % 4))/4;
                   lBytePosition = (lByteCount % 4)*8;
                   lWordArray[lWordCount] = (lWordArray[lWordCount] | (string.charCodeAt(lByteCount)<<lBytePosition));
                   lByteCount++;
           }
           lWordCount = (lByteCount-(lByteCount % 4))/4;
           lBytePosition = (lByteCount % 4)*8;
           lWordArray[lWordCount] = lWordArray[lWordCount] | (0x80<<lBytePosition);
           lWordArray[lNumberOfWords-2] = lMessageLength<<3;
           lWordArray[lNumberOfWords-1] = lMessageLength>>>29;
           return lWordArray;
   };

   function WordToHex(lValue) {
           var WordToHexValue="",WordToHexValue_temp="",lByte,lCount;
           for (lCount = 0;lCount<=3;lCount++) {
                   lByte = (lValue>>>(lCount*8)) & 255;
                   WordToHexValue_temp = "0" + lByte.toString(16);
                   WordToHexValue = WordToHexValue + WordToHexValue_temp.substr(WordToHexValue_temp.length-2,2);
           }
           return WordToHexValue;
   };

   function Utf8Encode(string) {
           string = string.replace(/\r\n/g,"\n");
           var utftext = "";

           for (var n = 0; n < string.length; n++) {

                   var c = string.charCodeAt(n);

                   if (c < 128) {
                           utftext += String.fromCharCode(c);
                   }
                   else if((c > 127) && (c < 2048)) {
                           utftext += String.fromCharCode((c >> 6) | 192);
                           utftext += String.fromCharCode((c & 63) | 128);
                   }
                   else {
                           utftext += String.fromCharCode((c >> 12) | 224);
                           utftext += String.fromCharCode(((c >> 6) & 63) | 128);
                           utftext += String.fromCharCode((c & 63) | 128);
                   }

           }

           return utftext;
   };

   var x=Array();
   var k,AA,BB,CC,DD,a,b,c,d;
   var S11=7, S12=12, S13=17, S14=22;
   var S21=5, S22=9 , S23=14, S24=20;
   var S31=4, S32=11, S33=16, S34=23;
   var S41=6, S42=10, S43=15, S44=21;

   string = Utf8Encode(string);

   x = ConvertToWordArray(string);

   a = 0x67452301; b = 0xEFCDAB89; c = 0x98BADCFE; d = 0x10325476;

   for (k=0;k<x.length;k+=16) {
           AA=a; BB=b; CC=c; DD=d;
           a=FF(a,b,c,d,x[k+0], S11,0xD76AA478);
           d=FF(d,a,b,c,x[k+1], S12,0xE8C7B756);
           c=FF(c,d,a,b,x[k+2], S13,0x242070DB);
           b=FF(b,c,d,a,x[k+3], S14,0xC1BDCEEE);
           a=FF(a,b,c,d,x[k+4], S11,0xF57C0FAF);
           d=FF(d,a,b,c,x[k+5], S12,0x4787C62A);
           c=FF(c,d,a,b,x[k+6], S13,0xA8304613);
           b=FF(b,c,d,a,x[k+7], S14,0xFD469501);
           a=FF(a,b,c,d,x[k+8], S11,0x698098D8);
           d=FF(d,a,b,c,x[k+9], S12,0x8B44F7AF);
           c=FF(c,d,a,b,x[k+10],S13,0xFFFF5BB1);
           b=FF(b,c,d,a,x[k+11],S14,0x895CD7BE);
           a=FF(a,b,c,d,x[k+12],S11,0x6B901122);
           d=FF(d,a,b,c,x[k+13],S12,0xFD987193);
           c=FF(c,d,a,b,x[k+14],S13,0xA679438E);
           b=FF(b,c,d,a,x[k+15],S14,0x49B40821);
           a=GG(a,b,c,d,x[k+1], S21,0xF61E2562);
           d=GG(d,a,b,c,x[k+6], S22,0xC040B340);
           c=GG(c,d,a,b,x[k+11],S23,0x265E5A51);
           b=GG(b,c,d,a,x[k+0], S24,0xE9B6C7AA);
           a=GG(a,b,c,d,x[k+5], S21,0xD62F105D);
           d=GG(d,a,b,c,x[k+10],S22,0x2441453);
           c=GG(c,d,a,b,x[k+15],S23,0xD8A1E681);
           b=GG(b,c,d,a,x[k+4], S24,0xE7D3FBC8);
           a=GG(a,b,c,d,x[k+9], S21,0x21E1CDE6);
           d=GG(d,a,b,c,x[k+14],S22,0xC33707D6);
           c=GG(c,d,a,b,x[k+3], S23,0xF4D50D87);
           b=GG(b,c,d,a,x[k+8], S24,0x455A14ED);
           a=GG(a,b,c,d,x[k+13],S21,0xA9E3E905);
           d=GG(d,a,b,c,x[k+2], S22,0xFCEFA3F8);
           c=GG(c,d,a,b,x[k+7], S23,0x676F02D9);
           b=GG(b,c,d,a,x[k+12],S24,0x8D2A4C8A);
           a=HH(a,b,c,d,x[k+5], S31,0xFFFA3942);
           d=HH(d,a,b,c,x[k+8], S32,0x8771F681);
           c=HH(c,d,a,b,x[k+11],S33,0x6D9D6122);
           b=HH(b,c,d,a,x[k+14],S34,0xFDE5380C);
           a=HH(a,b,c,d,x[k+1], S31,0xA4BEEA44);
           d=HH(d,a,b,c,x[k+4], S32,0x4BDECFA9);
           c=HH(c,d,a,b,x[k+7], S33,0xF6BB4B60);
           b=HH(b,c,d,a,x[k+10],S34,0xBEBFBC70);
           a=HH(a,b,c,d,x[k+13],S31,0x289B7EC6);
           d=HH(d,a,b,c,x[k+0], S32,0xEAA127FA);
           c=HH(c,d,a,b,x[k+3], S33,0xD4EF3085);
           b=HH(b,c,d,a,x[k+6], S34,0x4881D05);
           a=HH(a,b,c,d,x[k+9], S31,0xD9D4D039);
           d=HH(d,a,b,c,x[k+12],S32,0xE6DB99E5);
           c=HH(c,d,a,b,x[k+15],S33,0x1FA27CF8);
           b=HH(b,c,d,a,x[k+2], S34,0xC4AC5665);
           a=II(a,b,c,d,x[k+0], S41,0xF4292244);
           d=II(d,a,b,c,x[k+7], S42,0x432AFF97);
           c=II(c,d,a,b,x[k+14],S43,0xAB9423A7);
           b=II(b,c,d,a,x[k+5], S44,0xFC93A039);
           a=II(a,b,c,d,x[k+12],S41,0x655B59C3);
           d=II(d,a,b,c,x[k+3], S42,0x8F0CCC92);
           c=II(c,d,a,b,x[k+10],S43,0xFFEFF47D);
           b=II(b,c,d,a,x[k+1], S44,0x85845DD1);
           a=II(a,b,c,d,x[k+8], S41,0x6FA87E4F);
           d=II(d,a,b,c,x[k+15],S42,0xFE2CE6E0);
           c=II(c,d,a,b,x[k+6], S43,0xA3014314);
           b=II(b,c,d,a,x[k+13],S44,0x4E0811A1);
           a=II(a,b,c,d,x[k+4], S41,0xF7537E82);
           d=II(d,a,b,c,x[k+11],S42,0xBD3AF235);
           c=II(c,d,a,b,x[k+2], S43,0x2AD7D2BB);
           b=II(b,c,d,a,x[k+9], S44,0xEB86D391);
           a=AddUnsigned(a,AA);
           b=AddUnsigned(b,BB);
           c=AddUnsigned(c,CC);
           d=AddUnsigned(d,DD);
   		}

   	var temp = WordToHex(a)+WordToHex(b)+WordToHex(c)+WordToHex(d);

   	return temp.toLowerCase();
}

Usage

MD5("whatever");

Like possibly snagging a Gravatar.

Tutorial JavaScript Array Contains

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Javascript objects are really nice, but sometimes they are missing some useful little functions/methods. The example above is with Arrays. It's really nice to know whether or not an item is contained within your array. Well you can write a function that takes the array and the item you're checking for, but it's much cleaner to add the contains( item ) method to the Array object.

Extending JavaScript Arrays

/**
 * Array.prototype.[method name] allows you to define/overwrite an objects method
 * needle is the item you are searching for
 * this is a special variable that refers to "this" instance of an Array.
 * returns true if needle is in the array, and false otherwise
 */
Array.prototype.contains = function ( needle ) {
   for (i in this) {
       if (this[i] == needle) return true;
   }
   return false;
}

Usage

// Now you can do things like:
var x = Array();
if (x.contains('foo')) {
   // do something special
}